San Diego City Wire

The number of measles cases in the United States is on the rise this year, with a significant outbreak occurring in Texas and New Mexico. Currently, there are over 400 confirmed cases across 19 states, resulting in at least two fatalities.

Measles is a highly contagious respiratory virus that spreads through airborne droplets when an infected person breathes, coughs, or sneezes. The virus can remain active in the air and on surfaces for several hours.

Although San Diego County has not reported any measles cases in 2025, the risk of new infections could increase as people travel during spring break. Travelers should remain vigilant.

“If you have traveled internationally or nationally near an outbreak area and are experiencing the symptoms of measles, call your healthcare provider immediately,” said Dr. Seema Shah, Medical Director of County Epidemiology and Immunization Services. “Measles isn’t just a fever and rash. It can be a very dangerous illness, especially for young children and babies.”

Infants under 12 months are particularly vulnerable because they have not yet received their measles vaccine. Other high-risk groups include unvaccinated children over 12 months old and individuals with compromised immune systems.

Even non-fatal cases of measles can lead to severe health complications. Statistics show that about one out of every 1,000 unvaccinated children who contract measles may die from it.

Symptoms of measles include fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and fatigue. A distinctive red rash typically appears one to four days after initial symptoms begin, starting at the head before spreading downward. There is no cure or specific treatment for measles.

“The best way to prevent measles and protect your child from getting sick is with a vaccine,” said Dr. Shah. “Getting the measles vaccine is safer than getting the measles.”

Adults vaccinated between 1963 and 1967 should consult their healthcare providers to ensure they have received the most current vaccine formula; some may require a booster shot.

For more information about measles and other vaccine-preventable diseases, visit the County’s Immunization Branch online or contact them by phone at (866) 358-2966.